Bad Lending Leading to the East Asian Crisis In 1990s Essay

Bad Lending Leading to the East Asian Crisis In 1990s - Essay Example Bad Lending Leading to the East Asian Crisis In 1990s The East Asian economic crisis was later analysed as caused by several external and internal stimuli such as improper maintenance of financial market activities, inadequate foreign borrowing and absence of inducements towards risk management among others (Dullum & Kulkarni, 2005). Considering this aspects, this essay will describe how different activities resulted in high lending activities in East Asian economies causing a crisis situation. The objective of the essay is to analyse and describe the main economic problem that triggered the economic crisis in East Asian nations. Hence, the rationale for choosing this topic is to understand various facets which can lead to bad economic crisis with the aim to gain knowledge regarding measures which can be implemented to avoid such circumstances. Major Features of Asian Economic Crisis In the year 1997, when the financial crisis was identified, International Monetary Fund (IMF) reported that the situation was fundamentally caused due to t he inefficiency of East Asian financial markets to manage its foreign debt as well as lending policies. As soon as this crisis hit, IMF assigned that it was the responsibility of East Asian capitalism. This occurrence was further observed to have created a significant impact upon the Asian financial markets including Indonesia, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia and Philippines. In these nations, bank lending dues on private organisations had increased remarkably before and during the crisis situation. For instance, in Philippines, credit to private organisations surpassed 40% growth from 1993 to 1996. The amount of liabilities also ascended from 8.8% of GDP in 1995 to 21% of GDP in 1997 in Philippines. In Korea, the amount of foreign liabilities of banks had been observed to gain growth in almost two-folds, i.e. from 4.5% of GDP in 1993 to 9.5% of GDP in 1997. Only in Indonesia, even though the credit growth was recorded at a modest level within the national financial structure, the private organisations were engaged in borrowing openly from foreign sources. The most risky circumstance was observed in Thailand where the aggregate amount of foreign liabilities of banks had increased rapidly to almost 28% of GDP in 1995 (Radelet & et. al., 1998). This huge amount of liabilities can further be observed as the result of weak regulatory measures taken by governments and poor financial structure of different East Asian nations. This huge amount of liabilities imposed a degree of negative impact on the economic performances of these East Asian nations, as most of the foreign creditors began extracting their capital from these countries as well as the other nations in the East Asian region. Due to deep capital outflow, the currency exchange rates came under strong burden. It can be observed that in 1997, the currency exchange rates of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand had reduced by more than 20%. The collapse of economic conditions in these nations triggered the feeling among investors that other nations in the East Asian region will soon fall under economic crisis. The major rating organisations slowly demoted the nations in East Asian region, causing more capital extraction by the creditors. Furthermore, as exchange rate depreciated,

Sales and Inventory Essay Example for Free

Sales and Inventory Essay Nowadays, technology is commonly used by people in different various fields. The breakthroughs of science and technology have been applied in many ways to commerce and industry. Some of the spin-offs of these breakthroughs eventually filter down to provide benefits for the average person. The best example of this is products that were invented during the space program, which have allowed engineers and other scientists to use these to new products and materials in manufacturing. In the field of communication, mobile phone is one of the innovations that are being used by millions of people around the world. Most operations like planning and scheduling depend on inventory. This study is about a system of a mobile phone company wherein a documentation of a sales inventory system is being proposed. Inventory control system is very important to understand system of inventory management. (Shore, 2002) A very old but very wise adage teaches that â€Å"a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step†. For businessman Guan Kay Lo, this adage holds true. He took the first â€Å"single step† in 1945 and established a small business which underwent several changes and challenges, an amazing journey, and through commitment, dedication, hard work and the miracle of time, it is now known as the Guanzon Group of Companies. The Guanzon MobiTek located at Perez St. Dagupan City uses a logbook wherein they record the products arrived and to be delivered to their branches. It is also used to record customers’ name and the product he/she had purchased. The System shall be established at the Guanzon Mobitek located at the Perez St. Dagupan City. (Lo, 2009) Statement of the Objectives The main goal of the study is to evaluate the current sales inventory control system of Guanzon MobiTek and come up with an enhanced inventory control system for the mobile company for a better inventory management and reduce risks of errors and fraud. It will seek to give an enhancement and design the company could adopt for a more effective and efficient inventory system. Specifically, the study aimed to: * Develop a system to manage sales and inventory products including add,  update and delete record. * Develop a Password-secured program * Be able to impart our knowledge in Inventory System that would help the Guanzon MobiTek Significance of the Study Ensuring continuous growth of firm is the main proposal on this study. It explains that it is important for a company to monitor its products’ demand from consumers. When demand arises there must be a sufficient stock to meet it without delay. It should also provide that the production must always be available and in good. Guanzon MobiTek Company. Guanzon can adopt the recommendations to be done by the researchers to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their sales inventory control system. Customers. The system records the items purchased by the customer easily. Personnel. It helps the personnel to lessen the time of works regarding in checking and recording the products sold, unsold, and to be sold. Researchers of this Study. The researchers, being the main participants, will gain knowledge and experience to improve their skills. Future researchers. This research can provide basis and references for future studies related to inventories. Scope and Limitations This inventory system is designed and implemented to Guanzon MobiTek wherewith it is limited to the monitoring of stocks for mobile phones and mobile devices. Alert signals were being given to the user when stock goes beyond the reordering system. This study consists of adding, updating, and deleting record of the stocks. If the suppliers had delivered the company’s orders, the allowed personnel will login in this system then add the product including its quantity, model and the date delivered. For those unsold products, the personnel updates the records then delete the product. The proponents focused in monitoring the sales and inventory of the Guanzon MobiTek which is located at Perez St. Dagupan City. The study is limited on the system on how to record the sold, unsold, and to be sold mobile phone products of the company. Definition of terms Inventory management. Important for the business that sells a physical product to make the company’s system quick and reliable. Mobile phone. Mobile electronic device sold by the company which is used to make mobile  telephone calls across a wide geographic area, served by many public cells. Sales management. Management of sales operation, it is an important business function as net cells through the sales of products and services. Computerization. To equip with computers. End user. The one who operates the computing system. Field. One piece of information, such as customer’s last name, or item’s code number. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter deals with the different literature and studies base on different sources such as books, magazine and Internet. The related literature is written based on the needed information related to the system to provide the better understanding how Sales and Inventory System works and give a brief theoretical background. Data Processing or information, operation (e.g., handling, merging, sorting and computing) performed upon data in accordance with strictly defines procedures, such as recording and summarizing the financial transaction of a business. An automatic or electronic data processing the operations are performed by the computer. Computer Security techniques developed to safeguard information and information system stored on computers. Potential threats include the destruction of computer hardware and software and the loss, modification, theft, unauthorized use, or disclosure of computer data. Inventory serves a number of functions. Among the most important are the following: To meet anticipated customer demand. These inventories are referred to as anticipation stocks because they are held to satisfy planned or expected demand. Inventory management has two main concerns. One release to the level of customer service, that is, to have the right goods, in sufficient quantities, in the right place, and at the right time. The other relates to the cost of ordering and carrying inventories. The overall objective of inventory management is to achieve satisfactory levels of customer service while keeping inventory costs within reasonable bounds. The management has two basic functions concerning inventory. One is to establish a system of  keeping track of items in inventory, and the other is to make decisions about how much and when to order. A system to keep track of the inventory on hand and on order.A reliable forecast of demand that includes an indication of possible forecast error. Knowledge of lead times and lead-time variability. Reasonable estimates of inventory holding costs, ordering costs, and shortage costs. A classification system for inventory items. However, inventory-counting system can be periodic or perpetual. Under a periodic system, a physical count of items in inventory is made at periodic intervals (e.g., weekly, and monthly) in order to each item. An advantage of this type of system is that orders for many items occur at the same time, which can result in economies in processing and shipping orders. But it has also several disadvantages. These are lack of control between reviews, the needs against shortages between review periods by carrying stocks and the need to make a decision on order quantities at each review. A perpetual inventory system (also known as a continual system) keeps track of removal from inventory on a continuous basis so the system can provide information on the current level of inventory on each item. An obvious advantage of this system is the control provided by the continuous monitoring of inventory withdrawals. Another is the fixed level quantity. One disadvantage of this approach is the added cost of record keeping. According to Ariel Magat (2002), he stated that the Inventory System of the vital to any institution, agency, or department. The proper safekeeping, processing and disposal of records play important roles in the efficient, effective and smooth operation that eventually, he stated that the Inventory System of the vital to any institution, agency, or department. The proper safekeeping, processing and disposal of records play important roles in the efficient, effective and smooth operation that eventually would lead to the success attainment of the goal and objectives of institution, agency and department concerned. Based on her recommendation there should be a central record management office that will hold data of the agency to serve as locator of the record and to control the disposal of each record. This can be possible through the use of computerized system. Computer with the appropriate software package is capable if handling records efficiently and effectively. And locating records that are computerized is faster tha finding them in the filling cabinet (Magat, 2002).

A Comparison of Two Creation Myths :: Compare Contrast, Creation Stories

Can religions and cultures be anything more than their history? Why do we have a concept of history in the first place? Obviously history exists, but like the human ability to conceive of the future, history seems to be a rare phenomenon tied with our ability for language and the telling of stories. What’s even more fascinating is the human ability to make up a history or to tell a story, such as a creation myth, that seeks to explain something that has not been witnessed by anyone and does not have any role in finding food or creating shelter. We do not have a physical need to know how the earth came to be or to know how it is that we came to be here. Still, creation stories exist in almost all human cultures and, amazingly, many share many of the same elements. The question is, why? Is it a coincidence that so many of them share the same elements? By looking at a comparison of two creation stories, we should be able to understand the meaning of these similarities better . Just look at two creation stories side-by-side and you should easily see their similarities. Perhaps the easiest way to do this would be to take one unknown creation story and compare it to one from one’s own culture. Below is an example of a Mongolian creation myth: Long long ago God descended to earth and made a man and a woman out of clay. Before returning to heaven to get some holy water with the power to animate anything, he ordered his dog and cat to protect the clay people from the devil. After God ascended to heaven, the devil came to harm the people. The dog and the cat protected them, though, thwarting the devil's plan. Finally, the devil deceived them by giving a piece of meat to the dog and a bowl of milk to the cat. While the dog ate the flesh and the cat lapped the milk, the devil urinated on the people and fled. When God returned with the holy water and discovered what had happened, he was enraged. Scolding the dog and cat for neglecting their duty, he forced the cat to lick the hair off the bodies of the people whom the devil had defiled (God created humans with hair all over their bodies). The cat licked off the hair everywhere except their heads, armpits, and crotches, since the former

To what extent can Reagan’s electoral victory in 1980 be put down to the rise of the new right?

1980's America saw a boom in a new group of hard-line Christians; known as the ‘new right', a powerful group of republican evangelicals set on restoring the American morals of old (with somewhat a very archaic mindset for example no equality for homosexuals etc. ) This group took a very strong liking to Reagan and his strong Christian moral conservatism and thus earned him millions of votes in the election of 1980. Was Reagan's victory largely down to the rise of the new right? Or were there other more prominent factors, which lead to Reagan's victory? In 1980s America TV could be used as a powerful political tool, 67% of American's received 100% of all there news from the television, this clearly showing if televised speeches, debate and propaganda were used correctly it could be a direct, simple and powerful method to connect with the people- winning over the votes of millions of American's. Reagan executed all his televised appearances like a professional (he was an ex-Hollywood ‘star' which definitely helped immensely,) ‘he could read an autocue like a professional'. Also his personal traits were key – portraying himself as a ‘physically attractive and charming man who was gracious and polite' this again helped him as all those were key and made Reagan a much more likeable person. Furthermore, Reagan also worked with general electric in the 60's where he was in charge of the TV shows; he also gained valuable electioneering skills during the job, as he had to meet thousands of people daily, also giving unrehearsed speeches to hundreds. The job handed him with a perfect chance to groom his campaigning skills to a respectable audience of 700,000, which was tiny compared to the people of America but still a good start, where he learnt how to be a people person and how to work the TV. In contrast to this his main opponent – incumbent president, Jimmy Carter was quite the opposite to the charming, attractive Reagan. He delivered his ‘crisis of confidence' speech where he found it easy to find problems but couldn't seem to deliver any solutions. This again showed Reagan's superiority in these areas where he delivered short and direct targets such as reviving American strength in the world once again. This again gained him popularity as it gave the people something to look forward to and it showed he meant business unlike the passive carter. Carter, having completed one term in power had done next to nothing useful, he became know as a man who would deal with problems when they came rather than trying to predict them and stop them from happening- not what you want for the worlds most powerful man. During his presidency he grew more foolish and weak in the eys of America. Almost nothing positive happened during his presidency; America's ditente with the USSR ended, there was an energy crisis. Also his failure of a brother somewhat cast negativity towards him making him look more foolish and weak. His ‘crisis of confidence' speech was completely crazy he informed America of its problems including a lack of leadership- ‘now all we need is leadership' a mildly retarded thing to say, as he was ‘the' leader of America, and still didn't give any solutions to the problems he presented. It was clear that nothing had changed for the good from Nixon's presidency. The economy was still stuck in the stagflation caused by Nixon, carter had done nothing but worsen it. Reagan used carters ‘nothing' presidency where almost nothing was done, to his advantage- he promised to renew prosperity by restoring the economy through ‘reaganomics' where there would be lower taxes and less regulation – curing the stagflation. No one knew it would work but it was a lot more than carter offered. Reagan also had vast amount of political training from being an active trade unionist where he established himself as a strong anti-communist (again extremely popular with the lingering cold war and also very popular with the new right who wanted a return of the traditional morals) and also the job was said to help ‘gain an apprenticeship in negotiating, to develop an instinct for when to ‘hang-tough' and when to cut a deal' by a political analyst- which would clearly help him become a successful president. He was also the governor of California from 1967-75, which was a massive success, and he managed to make California the seventh richest ‘country' in the world- showing he knew how to work economics, which is what America vitally needed! He also had the experience of running for president as he had attempted on two other occasions. All this political experience would be priceless for his campaign. Reagan was also extremely conservative which also gained him lots of votes- as he stood for mostly traditional values such as; no abortion, pornography, drugs, and equality for homosexuals. He was also a strong evangelical Christian, which initially gained him the support of the new right and with it groups such as the ‘moral majority' as they had the backing from Reagan and they believed he was going to bring American morals back. He also gained support from the Neo conservative's traditionalists and anti feminists, also vitally he managed to get the support of the born again Christians even though carter tried his hardest to gain there support being a born again Christian too, Reagan managed to do so with his conservative ideology. The new right was essential for his campaign, as Reagan had such radical ideas many would have seen him as crazy and never given him a chance – comparing him to the extremist Barry Goldwater. The new right rather embraced his ideas as they fitted in well with what they wanted. Reagan was extremely lucky that this spark in Christianity coincided with this electoral campaign as if he failed it would most probably be the end of him as he was aging and many were already hesitant to elect such an old man. In conclusion, ii feel it is very clear that the rise of the new right played a very significant role in Reagan's ascendancy to power, and without a doubt without this support he probably couldn't win as it allowed him to create a base of support from which he could build around and add onto. However, I believe that there were other more influencing factors which lead to his presidency such as his political ingeniousness particularly offering an intelligent solution to the stagflation suppressing the country, as well as the mans personal characteristics such as his personal charm and talent in front of the TV which allowed him to manipulate millions as they could see it with there own eyes that he was an astute leader. But, from the election results we see such a narrow win on Reagan's side this even so when millions of democrats didn't even vote, I believe that this shows us that Reagan won largely due to the failures of Carter as even though he was such a useless leader who did next to nothing he still managed to almost win the elections, furthermore he still came so close even with a large percent of his ‘party' boycotting the election- showing carter didn't have a very large support base, and if he did have decent opposition Reagan could have lost by a landslide.

Qa 380 Quiz 1

* T * PERFORMANCE measures that are established for a process are known as metrics. T * Once a process is identified, defined, evaluated, and redesigned, the benefits of the process analysis cycle are realized. F * A service blueprint is a flowchart of a service process that shows which of its steps has high customer contact. T * The general principle that 80% of a company’s revenue is generated by 20% of its customers is known as the pareto concept. * A fishbone diagram identifies which category is most frequently observed out of all the categories for which you have data. F . a voluntary system by which employees submit their ideas on process improvements is used in the: opportunity identification phase of process analysis 2. the step in process analysis that immediately follows the process documentation phase is the : evaluate performance phase 3. the resources that management assigns to improving or reengineering the process should: match the process’s scope 4. proc ess analysis focuses on: how work is actually done 5. an effective tool for showing steps of a service process with a high level of customer contact is: service blueprint 6. hich one of the following statements concerning flowcharts is NOT true. The dotted line of visibility separates activities subcontracted form those done in house 7. all of the following are steps in setting a time standard using the time study method EXCEPT: Consulting cost accounting data 8. the manager of a supermarket would like to know which of several quality problems to address first. A tool that would be most helpful would be a: perato chart 9. a restaurant manager tracks complaints from the diner satisfaction cards that are turned in at each table.The data collected from the past week’s diners appear 10. the first step of the systematic approach to process analysis is (opportunity) 11. process (scope) is the boundary of the process to be analyzed. 12. A voluntary system by which employee submit th eir ideas on process improvements is called a (suggestion system) 13. (Metrics) are performance measures that are established for a process and he steps within it. 14. A group of people, who are knowledgeable about the process, meets to propose ideas for change in a rapid-fire manner. Such a session is called (brainstorming)

Strategies for Hiring a Teacher

Strategies for Hiring a Teacher Because teachers can make or break a school, the process used to hire them is critical to a schools overall success. A building principal typically plays some sort of role in the hiring of a new teacher. Some principals are a part of a committee that interviews and decides who to hire, while others interview potential candidates individually. In either case, its important that the necessary steps are taken to hire the right person for the job. Hiring a new teacher is a process and should not be rushed. There are important steps that should be taken when looking for a new teacher. Here are a few of them.   Understand Your Needs Every school has their own needs when it comes to hiring a new teacher and its important that the person or people in charge of hiring understand exactly what those are. Examples of specific needs might include certification, flexibility, personality, experience, curriculum, and, most importantly, the individual philosophy of the school or district. Understanding these needs before you begin the interview process allows those in charge to have a better idea of what you are looking for. This can help create a list of interview questions catered to these needs.   Post an Ad It is important that you get as many candidates as possible. The larger the pool, the more likely it will be that you will have at least one candidate that meets all of your needs. Post ads on your school website, in each of the local newspapers, and in any educational publications in your state. Be as detailed as possible in your advertisements. Be sure to give a contact, a deadline for submission, and a list of qualifications.   Sort Through Resumes Once your deadline has passed, quickly scan each resume for key words, skills, and types of experiences that fit your needs. Try to get as much information about each individual candidate from their resume before you begin the interview process. If you are comfortable with doing so, pre-rank each candidate based on the information in their resume before interviewing. Interview Qualified Candidates Invite your top candidates to come in for interviews. How you conduct these is up to you; some people are comfortable doing a non-scripted interview, while others prefer a specific script to guide the interview process. Try to get a feel for your candidates personality, experience, and what sort of teacher they will be. Do not rush through your interviews. Start with small talk. Take the time to get to know them. Encourage them to ask questions. Be open and honest with each candidate. Ask tough questions if necessary. Take Comprehensive Notes Start taking notes on each candidate as you go through resumes. Add to those notes during the interview itself. Jot down anything that is relevant to the list of needs that you created before beginning the process. Later on, you will add to your notes when you check each candidate’s references. Taking great notes on each candidate is essential for  hiring the right person and its especially important if you have a long list of candidates to interview over the course of several days and even weeks. It may be hard to remember everything about the first few candidates if you do not take comprehensive notes. Narrow the Field After you have completed all the initial interviews, you will need to review all notes and narrow down the list of candidates to your top 3-4. You will want to invite these top candidates back for a second interview. Re-Interview With Assistance In the second interview, consider bringing in another employee such as the  district’s superintendent or even a committee made up of several stakeholders. Instead of giving your co-workers too much background before the interview, its best to allow them to formulate their own opinions about each candidate. This will ensure that each candidate will be evaluated without your personal bias influencing the other interviewers decision. After all the top candidates have been interviewed, you can discuss each candidate with the other persons who interviewed, seeking their input and perspective. Put Them on the Spot If possible, ask the candidates to prepare a short, ten-minute lesson to teach to a group of students. If it is during the summer and students are not available, you can have them give their lesson the group of stakeholders in the second interview round. This will allow you to see a brief snapshot of how they handle themselves in the classroom and perhaps provide you with a better feel for what kind of teacher they are. Call All References Checking references can be another valuable tool in evaluating a candidate. This is especially effective for teachers with experience. Contacting their former principal(s) can provide you with important information that you may not be able to get from an interview.   Rank the Candidates and Make an Offer You should have plenty of information after following all the previous steps to make someone a job offer. Rank each candidate according to which one you believe best fits your school’s needs. Review each resume and all of your notes, taking the other interviewee’s thoughts into consideration as well. Call your first choice and offer them a job. Do not call any other candidates until they accept the job and sign a contract. This way, if your first choice does not accept the offer, you will be able to move to the next candidate on the list. After you have hired a new teacher, be professional and call each candidate, letting them know that the position has been filled.

The Rape of Nanking essays

The Rape of Nanking essays I have read the book titled The Rape of Nanking. This book is appropriately titled due to the subject matter it covers. It covers an incident during World War II known as The Rape of Nanking. The book was written by Iris Chang and is two hundred and thirty pages long with an additional twenty four pages of pictures. The Rape of Nanking was an incident that occurred in December of 1937. Nanking at this time was the capital city of Nationalist China. During this incident Japanese soldiers raped, tortured, and killed Chinese soldiers and civilians totaling nearly three hundred thousand people. The official date that is credited to the day when Nanking fell is December 13, 1937. The Chinese government was forced to regroup elsewhere as the Japanese controlled this city until the war ended eight years later in 1945. Nanking wasnt the only part of China the Japanese controlled. It was where the worst atrocities took place and where the Chinese people were hurt the most. It all started with Japan taking the city of Manchuria. Quickly to be taken over after that were Chahar, Hopeh, Peking, Tiensin, Shangai, and then Nanking. The reasons for the Japanese attempt to takeover China were Japan had its own master race theory and they wanted to rule Asia. The reasons Nanking is remembered are the massive amounts of deaths in a short period of time and the manners in which these deaths and brutalities were committed. Statistics show that Certain countries had less civilian casualties in the entire war then the city of Nanking had in a few weeks. For example: Great Britain(61,000 civilian casualties), France(108,000 civilian casualties), and Belgium(242,000 civilian casualties). Some of the atrocities included thousands of men being dragged out to fields to be used as machine gun practice targets, people being buried alive, husbands being forced to rape their wive...

Showing, Not Telling, Personality Through Speech and Thought

Showing, Not Telling, Personality Through Speech and Thought Showing, Not Telling, Personality Through Speech and Thought Showing, Not Telling, Personality Through Speech and Thought By Mark Nichol You know the fiction-writing dictum â€Å"Show, don’t tell.† But how does it apply in practical terms when it comes to communicating characterization without exposition? People in different eras have unique speech and speech patterns, but restrain yourself from indulging in periodization in your historical novel; if your Elizabethan-era characters talk like Shakespeare’s, people 1) won’t understand much of what they say and 2) will be distracted by your forced and fatally flawed attempt at authenticity. Do, however, immerse yourself in that period’s society: What did people know about history and sociology and psychology and spirituality (even if they didn’t use those terms to identify them)? What were prevailing political and social and religious viewpoints? How open were people about expressing themselves? Be careful not to let modern sensibilities intrude on the way your characters speak and think, but do permit them and their speeches and thoughts to be accessible to modern readers. The extent to which characters will express their ideas and opinions, or ruminate about them, and the language with which they will do so, depends on a few other factors: People of different generations and different social backgrounds generally speak differently. Geriatric characters should exhibit speech and speech patterns distinct from juvenile ones and consistent with norms unless an exception is a deliberate dramatic point for instance, if a teenager who has switched bodies with an elderly person is trying to pass vocally as well as visually as a senior citizen. Likewise, the speech and thoughts of well-educated characters will usually be distinguishable from that of those of others with less formal schooling. Of course, no one should assume that a person with only a high school education is less intelligent than a college graduate, or the reverse, but their vocabulary and the level of sophistication of their thoughts will, unless they are self-educated, likely differ. Further individualization of characters makes fiction writing more vivid. How does one’s personality affect words and thoughts? A repressed person’s speech patterns will differ significantly from an extrovert’s. A tense, angry character will exhibit different rhythms of speech and thought than a carefree individual. Length of speeches and thoughts is also a consideration: Children do not soliloquize, and philosophically minded people do not tend to make snap judgments. Match the extent to which people speak and think to their personalities. But keep in mind that various sentence lengths and paragraph lengths have differing dramatic values, too long passages tend to be soothing (but, when too long, are soporific), while short bursts create or maintain tension (though, in excess, can be just as wearying as extensive paragraphs). In essence, capitalize on your knowledge of individual characters to establish vocabulary and modes of speech and thought, as well as on familiarity with societal norms for speaking and thinking appropriate to the era in which your characters live. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†While vs. Whilst

Work Place Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Work Place Safety - Essay Example Therefore, human resource personnel together with the management ought to formulate and implement action plans to help address these issues. This paper explicates workplace safety issues in healthcare, and specific HR role in assuring safety. This paper further focuses on safety issues unique to healthcare, how HR enters into safety issues with their clinicians, and case studies of hospitals that have successful safety projects. Improving workplace safety in health care organizations has been a global challenge affecting both industrialized and third world countries. Each and every aspect of health could potentially put the safety of health providers and their clients at risk. For instance, the fact that health care providers deal with patients who sometimes present themselves with communicable disease means that they have a higher risk of acquiring the infections. According to the United States Department of Labor (2010), 653,000 incidents relating to harm or occupational diseases were account in 2010. These incidents in healthcare were higher when compared to other areas of the economy. In an effort to reduce these incidents, HR ought to work hand in hand with clinicians. Before explicating HR issues relating to workplace safety, it is important to define safety and workplace safety in the context of healthcare. A definition of safety cited by Hughes and Ferrett (2010, p. 2) denote safety as "The protection of people from physical injury". The meaning of workplace safety is explicated by Hughes and Ferrett (2010) through a definition of work-related ill health. In elucidating the definition in laymans terms, work-related ill health can be referred to as diseases resulting from or prompted by processes characteristic of healthcare organizations Jong et al (2014) posits that a healthcare provider can acquire special infections such as

Evolution of the construction industry since the industrial revolution Essay

Evolution of the construction industry since the industrial revolution - Essay Example The building industry as a whole underwent a revolution. The Industrial Revolution created an enormous increase in the production of many kinds of goods and brought about changes in technology and innovation. As the Industrial Revolution grew, private investors and financial institutions were needed to provide money for the further expansion of industrialization. Before the industrial revolution, only ten percent of the people lived in cities while most lived in towns and villages scattered around the cities. The revolution brought about changes which drew large number of people into cities as industry expanded. This resulted in increased demand for housing and the high-rise buildings came into existence. Money was easily available through banks and financiers for construction. Loans and mortgages helped people to build and buy homes. The construction industry is a major industry in the economy of Great Britain and is growing steadily. Advancement in technology led to a boom in the industry in all sectors. While onsite construction was common, offsite construction grew along with it. This resulted in cost reduction and better quality control. Prefabricated structures were largely used and installed specially for bridges. Private housing sector has grown tremendously and may have reached a plateau today in Great Britain. Homes in England with three or more bedrooms were only 7% in 1971 whereas in 2002/3 it stood at 34%. Semi detached homes in England are the most common system of dwelling but only 28% of them have been built in the past 40 years. All the others are much older. The construction industry is divided in two sections – new construction and repairs and maintenance. In the early 1990s, total construction output (in 1995 prices) decreased sharply in Great Britain as a whole2. After 1995, the construction output increased

Land Law (case study) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Land Law ( ) - Case Study Example Whether a restrictive covenant could bind future owners of property is a matter in which judicial discretion has to be applied, based on the circumstances of the case and its legal surroundings. However, in the leading case of Tulk v Moxhay (1832) (1848) CB 430 (HL), the facts read as follows. The owners of land in Leicester Square had covenanted with local landlords not to allow development in the park zone. However, when the park was sold off, the new purchaser, albeit aware of the restrictive covenant, wished to build on it. The Court held that it would be inequitable for him to do so. . The aspect of "restrictive covenant "that was seen in the case of Tulk v. Moxhay 1848 and is said that the burden of a covenant which was restrictive in nature could run with the land', despite privity of contract. (Tulk v Moxhay (1848). 2006). Overriding interests: Under the laws of registered conveyancing, when a person purchases a legal interest in land, he would normally be bound by any third party interests in that land, save and except, when it is registered, or deemed to constitute 'overriding interests.' It has been seen that 'overriding interests' are a significant danger zone for any purchaser of registered title, since, although it does not appear in the register, it is able to influence the title of the purchaser, whether he was aware of it or not. Currently, there are four types of overriding interests and they are with regard to: Local land charges Easement and profits Short term legal leases Property rights of a person in actual occupation. Moreover, under Sch. 3 Para 3, the scope for only legal easements and legal profits are available. Therefore, interalia, easement or profits endured for life of party do not constitute 'overriding interests' and therefore do not fall within the scope of being bound by such interests.(Overriding Interests and Minor Interests: Overriding interests, p.121-122). Thus, by application of the above legal interpretation regarding interests that has been deemed to have been vested by Algernon to Chris through a 'tenant for life' deal for storing fishing gear in Algernon's land for life is not tenable in a Court of Law since it does not satisfy the criteria of 'overriding interests.' Frank may not be bound by the interest of Beatrice. Case 3: In 2000 he granted his niece, Denise, in consideration of 5, an option to purchase number 12 for 275,000, on the giving of one month's notice, within 10 years. Laws surrounding options: An option to purchase land, or chattel is documented through a covenant which facilitates the purchase of the property by the buyer to the seller within a specified time and for a specific amount. Therefore, it could be considered to be an interest in land and needs to be protected by an entry in the Register.

Financial Reporting & Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Reporting & Analysis - Coursework Example The researcher of this coursework describes the subject of the conceptual framework in financial accounting as well as on an evaluation of whether the criticism, that is leveled on the conceptual framework for failing to fulfill its main objective depends on outlining the main objectives of conceptual framework and comparison with what is undertaken in the field by the practice. The analysis depends on actualizing that the conceptual framework financial accounting concurrently reflects, represents, mirrors, or measures the normal feature of the pre-existent economic reality. The conceptual framework can further be analyzed in terms of the evaluating the accounting principles, inherent concepts and enhanced or entailed focus of general function financial reporting elaborated in the Conceptual framework. The main idea behind the introduction and development of the conceptual framework lies in the provision of the structure for creating accounting standards that act as the main or sole center for resolving emergent accounting disputes. In conclusion, the researcher sums up his study and opinions and states that the criticism of a conceptual framework for being a failure and not satisfying its purposeful roles is hence notable and real. Lack of certain rules in the frameworks denies the essential regards desired for control of the professional. The framework, hence requires a streamlined approach aimed to mend the framework that would create a real economic approach that is healthy for the accounting profession in entirety

Access to Insurance Versus Access to Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Access to Insurance Versus Access to Care - Essay Example However, there should be glaring distinctions. Access to healthcare must be all about the ability of Americans to obtain care for themselves whenever they get sick. And such care includes access to physicians, hospitals and others facilities and services of the medical system. On the other hand, access to insurance refers to the access and use of health plans. Essentially, hence, the lack in insurance coverage does not necessarily mean there is no access to health care. Henderson (2009) pointed this out by citing how the uninsured in America receive about 60 percent of the medical care per capita of those with insurance (p.68). So what this means is that the uninsured does get medical care. The issue about access all boils down to the term "ability". Yes, the uninsured can still avail of medical care but they do receive, in the words of Henderson, less care than the insured Americans (p.68). This is the reason why the 2010 federal health reform law was enacted. It follows the objective of universal coverage in which health care insurance participation becomes mandatory, rejecting the voluntary system in the process, and paving the way for medical care access for all. It took a long time for this health reform initiative to be realized. Different administrations have proposed different health care models aiming for nationalized and universal coverage and failed. Even as we speak, the current law, which should depict the pinnacle of these initiatives having been passed and implemented two years ago, is still in danger of getting repelled once a Republican regime is elected to the White House. This reflects the highly contentious debate about how to pursue health reform f rom two dominant political and ideological standpoints. The liberals favor the current system of universal healthcare whereas the conservatives want to cut cost and are committed to the old model typified by individualism, freedom of choice and competition. This conflict is

Financial Reporting & Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Reporting & Analysis - Coursework Example The researcher of this coursework describes the subject of the conceptual framework in financial accounting as well as on an evaluation of whether the criticism, that is leveled on the conceptual framework for failing to fulfill its main objective depends on outlining the main objectives of conceptual framework and comparison with what is undertaken in the field by the practice. The analysis depends on actualizing that the conceptual framework financial accounting concurrently reflects, represents, mirrors, or measures the normal feature of the pre-existent economic reality. The conceptual framework can further be analyzed in terms of the evaluating the accounting principles, inherent concepts and enhanced or entailed focus of general function financial reporting elaborated in the Conceptual framework. The main idea behind the introduction and development of the conceptual framework lies in the provision of the structure for creating accounting standards that act as the main or sole center for resolving emergent accounting disputes. In conclusion, the researcher sums up his study and opinions and states that the criticism of a conceptual framework for being a failure and not satisfying its purposeful roles is hence notable and real. Lack of certain rules in the frameworks denies the essential regards desired for control of the professional. The framework, hence requires a streamlined approach aimed to mend the framework that would create a real economic approach that is healthy for the accounting profession in entirety

What are the Causes of Mortgage Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What are the Causes of Mortgage Fraud - Essay Example Failure to apply the necessary underwriting guidelines comes in the form of deliberately refusing to apply the required mortgage control procedures, which in turn lead to the misrepresentation of facts regarding the ability of the borrower to repay the mortgage. Therefore, inadequate appraisal of the borrower has highly contributed to mortgage fraud, since if it is not done accurately at the initial stages of evaluation, the risks associated may not be identified, until it is too late, and the borrower has already started defaulting on the mortgage repayment (USRMR, 10). Thus, the major problem underlying mortgage fraud is not the provision of inaccurate records by the borrower. Instead, the major contributors to mortgage fraud are inadequate quality control application, poor underwriting practices and poor valuation of borrower’s assets (USRMR, 4). The regulators and specialists applied lenient measures in the mortgage underwriting standards in the name of innovation, seeking to make the process of acquiring mortgage loans easier and convenient for low income households (Liebowitz, 7). However, these innovations declined the mortgage underwriting standards and weakened the control policies. This served the purpose of making mortgage underwriting allow-income all income earners, increasing home ownership and raising the prices of houses (Liebowitz, 15). Therefore, speculators purchased and sold houses under minimal underwriting control, increasing their profits by a greater margin and then running away from the market when the crisis became eminent. This left the mortgage business with large debts owed by home owners who could not manage to repay the loans, thus causing the acceleration of the mortgage crisis (Liebowitz, 24).

My Journey through Essay Example for Free

My Journey through Essay Interviewing my son’s preschool teacher, Ms. Contreras, was a wonderful experience. I learned so much about the field and I was able to connect understand her as not only an educator but as a person; as the type of person who does well in this career field. Ms. Contreras is a California state preschool teacher and has been for 20 years. She holds an AA and a BS in Early Childhood Development and loves her job very much, and has decided to stay at the preschool level until she retires. Like any educator, she believes that it is important for parents to be involved with their children’s education. She encourages parents to come and volunteer whenever they are able, and has monthly parent meeting so that the parents are up to date with what is going on in the class room. To Ms. Contreras, the most important thing about being an early childhood educator is that you are an advocate; and advocate for children and their education. That you have and need to understand that children are all different and unique and they all deserve to be in a preschool program no matter what their income or background. Her favorite thing about being a teacher is the innocence of the children at this age; she loves how pure the minds are of her students are. She wishes she can change the fact that preschool is only three hours long, but with state funding so low, that is all she is able to do, and less assessing. She feels that is keeps her from understanding her students and attending to what they need help in. Family is very important to Ms. Contreras so when she had her children, she knew that she needed a career that will work around her children, thus leading her to pick the field in education. She loved the idea of being a break as her children were on break, home when their home at school when they’re at school is how she put it. While conducting the interview, I sensed a vibe that she truly loves what she does and care very much about her students. And as one of the parent volunteers in her class, I can see it when a student randomly give her hugs, or in their eyes as they walk in the door on a Monday morning from what seems like a long weekend without her. One thing that I learned about the professional field of early childhood education from this interview is that you really have to love and understand children to be in the profession. Patience is a big part of this job when you have 24 to 30 preschool all needing your undivided attention. I learned that you need to understand your individual students in order to help them succeed and do your job to the best you can. Having a job in this profession may be hard at times, especially when you have so many students but at the end of the day, if it is truly made for you, the job can be very rewarding. Technology is a big trend now, in not only in the early childhood education field, but in education period. There are many pros and cons about applying technology to the early childhood classroom. Technology today, consists of TV, computers, video games, and now smart phones and wireless tablets. â€Å"Technology’s long-term history includes everything from primitive hewn-rock weapons to wood pencils to drone aircraft and smart phones.† (Estes, 2012) It is no secret that almost every house now has a computer and probably access to the internet, so many young children might be exposed to one or more of these even before preschool starts. The question is whether impacts the education of young children, and I believe that it does. Technology impacts the education of young children in many ways and I believe that technology should be applied to the early childhood classroom. In the preschool and kindergarten ages, technology needs to be developmentally appropriate. Once these technological activities are developmentally appropriate â€Å" technology-supported activities can be justified by a constructivist philosophy because engagement, active learning, creativity, and social interaction are all part of what goes on in the classroom† (Estes, 2012) Activities such as using the computer and its accessories such as the keyboard and mouse can improve fine motor skills by pushing keys and moving the mouse around. â€Å"These fine-motor movements also hone eye-hand coordination, and that’ll pay off for years to come as your little one learns to catch a ball, use scissors, or put together a tricky puzzle.† (Folds, 1999) This type of technology will be used in the future of each child and will be beneficial to the early childhood classroom, not only for the future but for their development. There are many concerns about the effects of technology for the little ones and to be honest I at one point I thought the same. In our text, many parents agree that it is insane to believe that a tablet app or an iPhone app can better teach a child to read or teach them math. (Estes, 2012) An when it come to video games, many believe that it isolates and can be one of the causes of another trend, childhood obesity. In my personal opinion, technology has come a long way and there will always be an opposing side. Video games, although may never be used in the classroom, do have some benefits to young children. Some video games can teach kids strategy and with video game consoles such as the new Nintendo Wii, force you to get up and move your body in order to play the game. By getting up and moving your body you are exercising. For different grade levels I think different teaching approaches are more appropriate. For the younger grades such as preschool and kindergarten I think the creative curriculum approach is more appropriate. This is the grade that I wish to teach. Having several interest areas or stations throughout the classroom will stimulate the minds of the students into wanting to learn, through play. This is the set up at my son’s preschool and it does seem to work very well with this age group. His classroom is small but he has a block section, library, home living area, an area for puzzle solving, computer play, and tables where the students can make art and a table to play with clay and play dough and eat lunch and snacks. Children age four or younger lack the capacity to sit still for long periods of time so having many options for them to self learn is always great. Children at this age learn through play and I think that the creative curriculum approach is perfect for this age group. I do believe that preschool aged students will benefit from direct instruction, but a limited amount. Maybe a little lecture time before class to discuss small topics such as counting to ten, or practicing letters but all through song, or to lay out the schedule for the day. Songs tend to catch the attention on the younger kids, plus song is easier for kids to remember, especially those who learn more through music. There are many different beliefs about how to properly teach a young child. These beliefs go way back to before we were even a country. In my opinion, Children need hands-on experiences that are linked to more than one sense to learn. They need to feel, do, see, (Piaget’s sensorimotor stage) etc. They should be taught concepts in more than one way (multiple intelligences), and it should be fun. Children should not be made to participate in direct instruction lessons. They should have a choice on whether or not they want to participate and be rewarded for positive behavior. Learning should be play based and overall fun. Early childhood education starts before the young child enters the classroom, it starts from the time the child is born, and many believe that it starts even in the womb. It is then that a young child begins to learn and see the world. Jean Piaget believes and I agree that cognitive development occurs in stages. The first stage is known as the sensorimotor stage and is a blend between a child’s motor skills and improvements to the understanding of their senses. (Estes, 2012) This stage takes place from birth to about age two. The second stage of Piaget’s cognitive development is the preoperational stage. During this stage, usually 18 months to two years, children begin to use symbolic gestures or movements to link to words. (Estes, 2012) In the classroom, I will encourage my students to use their five senses and motor skills to learn about the world around them. In the early childhood classroom, play takes up a big part of the day. According to many early childhood philosophers and educators, children learn through play. Not only is play beneficial to the classroom but to the child’s overall health. Erick Erikson believed that play helped individuals cope with a traumatic or emotional past. In my classroom, there will be centers and they will all be play based. Different type of playing will take place at each center, by doing this I hope to encourage children to play freely and be themselves but also helping them as individuals. Because each child is different, I think that concepts should be taught in many different ways. According to Howard Gardiner, there are seven different intelligences; linguistic, logical-mathematic, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. One child’s strength will be in logical-mathematical, for example, and another child’s strength in musical. As an early childhood educator I will teach concepts in many different ways to ensure my students are grasping the information provided and having fun with it. Lastly, I think that children need to be rewarded and praised often. I feel like it encourages them to continue to do well. American psychologist, B.F. Skinner, called this operant conditioning. The idea behind this theory is basically that if one changes their behavior they are indeed learning. (Estes, 2012)The theory is simple, if you are doing something good, you will be rewarded. For example, in my classroom I will do this by rewarding with stickers or treats after lunch time. I see myself in the near future substituting at my son’s school district. Although I cannot teach yet I will be able to sub once I finish a couple more core classes. After I do obtain my degree in Early Childhood Education, I plan on becoming a preschool teacher. I have wanted a job working with kids for as long as I can remember and being a mom I feel like being a teacher will work great around my family life, as I am able to be available to my son as much as possible. I currently live in California, where school funding is low and has been low for a while especially for education. Because of this I think that I will need to start off my career working in or for another preschool program for better financial stability. It has been a dream for me to also become a special education teacher, so I am hoping to go back to school once I have been a preschool teacher for a couple of years and start my journey toward that field. I hear that early childhood special education is a wonderful and rewarding field as well. I think at the end of the day, I want to do something that I love and something that I am confident in. Something that I will be happy to wake up to and look forward to every day and working with kids is just that. References Estes, L. K. (2012). Pathways to teaching young children: An introduction to early childhood education. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Folds, D. V. (1999, Feb 22). Technology for Toddlers. PR Newswire , 1.

The Rapid Change Of Information Technology

The Rapid Change Of Information Technology With the rapid change of information technology in twentieth century, internet has become a catalyst for the way people in the world to communicate and sharing or access information speedily. Many businesses also adopted the internet as a means of trading or improving internal processes and more importantly, engage and build relationships with customers. In this paper, the author will analyst the competitive environment and resources for one of the market leading electrical appliances chain stores in Malaysia and propose a information systems strategy plans which suits the company best. 1.2 Companys profile SenHeng Electric (KL) Sdn. Bhd is one of the well known household electrical retailers among few names in the annals of Malaysian retailing business. Founded in 1989 by Lim brother, K.H., K.C., and K.Y., the company has started its business from a tiny consumer electronics half shop set up with stocks worth less than RM30,000.00 to one the largest electrical chain store in Malaysia. Currently, SenHeng has more than 100 stores spread throughout nationwide with 10 distribution centre located in Selangor, Johor, Perak, Terengganu, Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak. This has assured its customers to enjoy consistent and punctual delivery of all purchased items. 1.3 PESTEL Political Economic Transformation Programme The Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) embraced by Malaysia government in year 2010 is a comprehensive effort to transform Malaysia into a high-income nation by year 2020. It targeted to lift Malaysias gross national income (GNI) per capita from USD6,700.00 or RM23,700 in 2009 to more than USD15,000 or RM48,000 in year 2020. Specific attention has been paid to raise the incomes of the bottom 40 percent of households, with a target of increasing the monthly mean income of this group from RM1,440 in 2009 to RM2,300 in 2015. The prospect of Malaysian retail industries like SenHeng Electric is expected to be positive as consumer spending power will eventually boost by the plan. According to Ecmlibra investment research, total retail sales are forecast to increase by 34 percent to RM123.5bn in 2014 from RM92.3bn in 2010. (http://www.ecmmoney.com/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2010/09/Strategy_100922_A-challenging-road-ahead.pdf) Economic performance Retailer profits have a correlation with the country overall economic performance. After the global economy downturn in 2009, the Malaysian economy experienced a strong resumption of growth in 2010. The growth was driven by robust domestic demand, with strong expansion in private sector activity. For the year as a whole, the overall aggregate domestic demand expanded strongly by 6.3 percent from -0.5 percent in 2009. It was reflected in the strong performance of major consumption indicators such as passenger car sales, retail sales and imports of consumption goods. (http://www.bnm.gov.my/view.php?dbIndex=0website_id=1id=819). According to Bank Negara Malaysia annual report 2010, the Malaysian economy is projected to grow by 5 percent to 6 percent this year. However, inflation hikes which caused by rising prices of food and energy in Malaysia continuous to worry the nation and will likely to affect consumer spending behaviors and trim down purchasing power in household electrical appl iances. Social Consumer Buying Behavior The growing population in Malaysia and steady rise in household disposable income in recent year has permitted them to spend more on luxury goods outpaced on basic items like food. High profile international retailers and the global mass media have also played a hand in shaping consumer buying behavior to chase after high end electrical appliances. This is predominantly true for young and large working-age populations often looking up for better lifestyle are more willing to spend more on high tech home appliances which can save their time from doing home work. Greater access to credit allowed individuals to fund discretionary spending and sometimes squander more than what they have earned. According to Bank Negara Malaysia annual report 2010, in the period between 2000 and 2009, household debt grew at an annual rate of 13.5 percent. (http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=109pg=333ac=81yr=2010) Technology Technological innovations encouraged consumer spending in areas like internet services, mobile communication equipment, cable television services and audio visual equipments. The advent of mobile technology is impacting the way retail businesses operate today compared to a decade ago. Urban consumers who armed with smart phones are getting smarter every day. They are able to access information on products, prices and stores anywhere at any time. They can compare price for the same product offered by different retailer shop easily. Retail businesses are able to reach out to their customers instantaneously with tailored information and product offers via mobile broadcasting. 1.3.5 Environmental Global Warming Global warming and climate change continues to be threatening humanity today. The impact of global warming is already being seen around the world. With the world as a whole is pumping out more and more carbon dioxide (CO2) every year, the IPCC has concluded that global temperatures will likely to rise by 1.2 to 6.5 degrees C by end of the century. The increase individual awareness of global warming issue, consumer tend to favor for home appliances which are more eco-friendly, energy saving and with minimal impact on the current environment. (http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/9/29/nation/19028575sec=nation) Legal New Credit Card Rules Bank Negara Malaysia has recently announced new measures on credit card application by rising minimum annual income requirements for credit card eligibility from RM18,000 per annum to RM24,000 per annum. Cardholders can only hold credit cards from a maximum of two issuers. For existing cardholders whose outstanding balance which exceeds the maximum credit limit, a grace period of two years given to them to meet the new requirement. The new guidelines are to address concerns over rising household debt in the recent year. (http://www.theasianbanker.com/press-releases/6368). However, with the limited access to credit, the move will trim down the purchasing power of the lower income group and affect the buyer shopping behaviors which ultimately affect retailers business. 1.4 Strength of the Company 1.4.1 Supply Chain Management SenHeng Electric has installed a comprehensive supply chain management system into the day to day operations of its business. This system allows the company to gauge and manage product flow seamlessly. Furthermore, it allows the company to continuously maintain optimum stock of goods within all their outlets. This will ultimately reduces excessive cost on overstocking and eliminate low supply upon consumers demand is rise. The system was designed in the way of centralized order that liked online directly to its suppliers. 1.4.2 Branding Given the long history of the company in household electrical appliances business, SenHeng electrical is a well known branding in Malaysia. The company continues to execute its brand building strategies by creating more streamlined look and feel for all its branches. This new identity spans across the board, its marketing brochures, posters as well as uniform for its employees. With the companys trademark green, these stores are brighter that the usual electrical store. This exercise has given SenHeng electrical a friendlier image and enabled the company to provide more professional service to its customers. Loyalty Card The company has implemented PlusOne loyalty card, a unique plan to reward its customers. The card members of PlusOne are allowed to enjoy extra thirteen months of product warranty as well as thirty percent off on all service or repairing labor costs. In additional to that, those products that purchased by card members will be delivered to their doorstep with no charge. Every purchased item is rewarded with specific points to its member card and these points will be used to redeem for other goods. Fixed price policy and flexible payment scheme To standardize the service standard and eliminate poor experiences by customer in the companys outlet throughout the nation, the company has implemented a fixed price policy and the product offered by its outlets carried the same price. The company has partnership with more than ten major banks for flexible payment methods where customers are allowed to make payment via cash or credit and opt for their preferred installment plan with interest free. Varieties of products To provide conveniences for its consumers and enhancing their shopping experience, the company has offered varieties of electrical products for different brands. It covers home appliances, digital imaging, computer, audio video, office automation and those electrical appliances from bedroom to kitchen. Product testing and demo facilities are provided to its consumers to learn on the products prior to purchase. 2.0 Weaknesses of the Company Consumer is the kind in todays market. In order to retain existing customer and convert them into loyal customer, the company needs to listen and understand their consumer needs. Despite SenHengs effort in providing training to improve the service standard of its employees, however, it is still difficult to manage the service quality standard for all its outlets due to the large number of the outlets spread throughout the nation. Customers feedback is therefore important to the company to gauge the service standard of respective outlet and put in appropriate preventive measure which SenHeng needs to focus on it. Opportunity E-Commerce According to euromoney latest statistic, the internet users in Malaysia have continues to grow from 14 million in 2007 to 17 million in 2011. E-commerce served one of the most popular tools for many organizations to tackle the fierce competition in the market. It will untapped the potential business market segment and increase the sales of their products in a cost effective manners. With the emerge popularity of smart phones, M-commerce becomes another potential channel for business to promote their products or promotion effectively. 2.0 Porter five forces 2.1 Threat of new entrants Currently there are large numbers of small or medium size companies in Malaysian electrical retailing market. Not to include large departmental stores like Giant or Tesco. Thus, the profit margin is rather tiny due to the stiff competition in the market. With the maturity level for electrical retailing business, its very unlikely that new entrants would step in without a new business models. However, in view of the rising internet penetration, online shopping may be the novel trend in Malaysia. With the increase trend for consumer to shop online, online retailer may be one of the threats which will potentially slide off the market share of SenHeng. (http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/4/11/business/3620542sec=business) 2.2 Threat supplier bargaining power As there are large numbers of suppliers in the electrical appliances market, thus the bargaining power of supplier is minimal. Furthermore, SenHeng Eletric has established a long history of relationship with its various suppliers. With its well established branding in Malaysian household home appliances and large market share in this retail business segment, supplier would find it difficulty to get the similar buyers like SenHeng Electric to cross selling their products. 2.3 Threat buyer bargaining power In electrical retailing business, prices are sensitive to consumer. The consumer is always looks for the better price for electrical products. As the competition in this industry is stiff, small retailers often offered lower price to sell out the goods during bad season. The selling prices sometime dont even sufficient to cover their delivery cost. Furthermore, easy access to information through internet allows consumer to compare price and products against the companys competitors. Although SenHeng Electric has established a fixed price policy to its outlets to eliminate price bargaining. However, to offer a fair price to its consumer still deems to be the main concern to stay competitive. The company has since 2002 implemented a centralized order management system to manage its stock inventory level which helps the company to reduce its inventory cost. 2.4 Threats of substitutes As most of the competitors in this industry are selling finished products with similar brands of household electrical appliances in the market, thus at a glance, selling price becomes the key consideration factor for consumer to decide where they spend. However, some consumers do take consideration of other aspect like after sales service, product testing, repair service and etc. 2.5 Rivalry among competitor Although SenHeng Electric is one of the largest electrical chain stores in Malaysia, the company still facing stiff competition from its competitor HLK (Chain-Store) Sdn Bhd whom continues to slide the market share of SenHeng Electric. To avoid cutthroat pricing competition and sustain its market present, service differentiation is one of the key areas for the company work on. 3.0 Strategy implication Determined market segmentation is vitally important in every business. Through identify who the actual and potential customers are, the company would able to determine how to position themselves into that specific market segment. Michael Porter has pointed out that combining a market segmentation strategy with a product differentiation strategy is an effective way of matching the firms product strategy (supply side) to the characteristic of the target market segments (demand side). Below table illustrated Porters generic strategies which differentiated into three dimensions (level of differentiation, relative product cost, and scope of target market). The traditional electrical retailing business like Senheng electric and other similar competitors are usually focus on middle income group consumer with age range from 30 to 50 years old. The approach has limit the expansion of the company as there are many of its competitors out there in the market are chasing the same group of consumers. To stay competitive, SenHeng Electric is in need to differentiate themselves from its competitors by improving its services and enhancing customers experiences towards its outlet. Understand its consumers by collecting feedback from them would in turn help the company to look into those areas where they need further improvement. With the economic growth in last two decades and Malaysian government effort in building higher education infrastructure in the country, there are increasing number of young working adults whose earned higher salary income in recent year. Moreover, rising demand in home electrical appliances is foreseeable with the My First Home Scheme launched by Malaysia Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak recently which has enabled young adults to buy houses costing between one hundred thousand ringgit and 220,000 ringgit with a repayment period of up to thirty years. This is a potential lucrative market segment which SenHeng should untapped into it. As online shopping is becoming popular in Malaysia, E-commerce is an alternate channel for the company to reach out consumer in different market segment. E-commerce eliminates the traditional purchase approach which is time consuming and labor intensive. It helps the company to reduce cost of purchasing transactions and speed delivery. Customers can reach a company via internet for twenty four hours which increase the business competitiveness. This will helps the company to relieve their sales person to take up other important task. Furthermore, it enables the company to collect consumer buying behavior or pattern as all sales orders for individual buyers are traceable. The company can use the data to strategize the marketing or promotion approach accurately. 4.0 Plan/Recommendations In view of the above, the author proposes to enhance the current webpage of SenHeng Electric by engaging its vendor Webz Design and Solution Sdn Bhd. 4.1 Business proposal plan and objectives Below consists of the webpage enhancement needs for the company: To setup a user friendly e-commerce website which inducing internet users to purchase the companys products and services online. To utilize the webpage for marketing and promotion activities run by the company. To increase the professional looks of the company and brand awareness to its potential consumers in the market. To enable online order status checking for the company and its consumer. To conduct consumer survey and served as a channel for consumer to escalate feedback/complaint for its products and services. Objectives: To provide alternate channel where consumers are allowed to place their order anywhere anytime. Customers can trace their order online easily without calling the outlets for assistance. To untapped young adults market where online shopping becoming a common trend in the market. To improve its services through collecting complaint/feedback from its clients. To increase its sales volume by 20 percent from second years onwards after the webpage enhancement. To achieve economic scales of assigning other tasks to its sales people. 4.4 Projected Incremental in Sales Volume 4.5 Business Assumption 4.5.1 Sales volume Assumption make that progressive incremental in sales order which will generate yearly gross revenue of RM100,000.00 starting from the second consecutive year onwards after e-commerce website launched. 4.5.2 Headcount Impact Sales department Assumption makes that no requirement for additional sales staff as customer will perform self online visit to evaluate the products nature and price offered. 5.0 Conclusion In conclusion, consumer buying trends and pattern will undergo significant changes over the next five to ten years. Shopping centers and the entire retail industry will be affected immensely by the increasing number of online shopper. With the broader accessibility of internet and high speed broadband implemented throughout Malaysian nation, embrace in e-commerce is certainly a right business strategy move for traditional retailer in Malaysia. In authors view, online retailing business is foresee to have positive growth continuously in the next fifteen years. Adopting service differentiation approach will eventually help the company to stay competitive and position themselves in better aspect to avoid price war situation. See appendix 1 (http://www.euromonitor.com/malaysia/country-factfile).

Comparing a McDonalds Advertisement and a Walkers Advertisement Essays

Comparing a McDonalds Advertisement and a Walkers Advertisement Both advertisements are popular food products. McDonalds are very famous all over the world; the company is based in America and started off there. Walker's crisps are a British company. When you hear the name Walkers, you often think of walkers crisps. Both of these companies sell there products to a range of people. Younger people generally purchase more of these products than older people. In the McDonald advert, they are trying to tell the audience that their restaurant isn't just for teenagers, but for all ages. They have shown this through the characters in the advert. They also are trying to promote that McDonalds is a class less place where you can go to eat, they show this by using different people with different colours of skin and showing costumes of builders, school kids, actors and etc. the people also do not speak to one another. The only signal to each other is when the man and woman look at each other and nod as if they are approving of the food they have been served. The people look happy and are moving briskly away to the sound track. The clothes that people where show the occupation that they are involved in. The Walkers advertisement however is a lot more relaxed and humorous. The first scene starts off with a group of children. The scene is also set in the past, maybe the early 1950's, you can tell this because the road is full of cobble stones, the clothes and hair styles are old fashioned, also the picture of the overall picture and the buildings in the background have all been made duller. The story seems to be that a little boy has been bull... ...re they could have fitted that in. I also think that they will be successful in promoting that anyone can go to McDonalds because business people who are in a rush may need something quick to eat and relate quick to McDonalds. However there is a down side that McDonalds is unhealthy and that may go against them. The Walkers advertisers in my opinion should have made their advert relate and apply to a much wider age range. They had a good idea about using Gary Liniker because football fans might want to eat what Gary's eating so they buy those crisps. I think the ad won't be as successful as the McDonalds ad but still promote walkers a bit. Out the two advertisements I feel that the McDonalds ad will be the most successful because the product price has been reduced and they are appealing over a wider audience range.

High Performance Working and Employee Engagement

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The CEO of this J&W PLC Company has asked for a report to senior management on how to improve working system so that overall performance in work can improve. In this report the senior management team is identifying different issues which are leading to low staff work in the organization. This paper provides information about the High performance working and employee engagement which consists of various definitions given by different authors and different types of practices which are helpful in improving organization performance.The main aim of this project is to provide a framework of how high commitment HRM practices help in improving HPW and employee engagement in organization. There have been many papers and research carried out on HRM and work performance. But many have struggled to keep the concept linked together, thus the main aim to this paper to provide the positive bonding link between high commitment HRM practices to develop HPW and employee engagement in work force. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years companies or organizations in every industry like manufacturing, health care services, financial services, consumer products and services, government agencies and information technology and telecommunications sectors etc. , are focusing on improving organizational performance in both short term and long term basis. Now a day’s companies expecting solid performance over short term period and maintain the consistent performance over the long term time period in order to sustain in this competitive market.Organizational performance mainly depends on the issues like human resources management practices, high performance working and high level of employee engagement. From the survey of Sunday times newspaper which is based on employee perceptions of their own work place and policies and processes of the employees, it is revealed that our company (i. e. J&W PLC) employees are unhappy and the staff overall performance is very low and staff of ten get away with doing very little at work and this affects the quality, productivity and profits of organization.High performance working and employee engagement is the operations like how the employees are managed in work to the management and leadership issues of the organization. The senior management team who is responsible for the strategic planning and decision making process needs to identify the brief review of the every component for building blocks of the organization. In this report the main focus is on how to improve the high performance working and employee engagement in the company. To have a high performance working environment and better employee engagement, management should focus on the key issues of high commitment HRM practices.As we the senior management team reviewing the survey of â€Å"Best Companies to work for 2012† published in Sunday times and researching the important practices to improve the organizational overall performance. LITERATURE REVIEW Organizational development and performance outcome reflects from how HR practices are implemented to satisfy the goals of company. Martin et al (2010) suggested that organizational development is an approach to dealing with change which incorporates aspects of culture, working atmosphere, employee commitment and conflict in seeking to achieve organizational effectiveness.The concepts of high performance working and employee engagement are interrelated to the organizational performance and these are the chain practices in the company which are linked with the high commitment HRM practices. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: Employee engagement is a hot topic in recent years because employers are seeking employee’s motivation, commitment and general support to the business to enhance the organizational performance beyond the normal. The purpose of the employee engagement is to gain the contribution of the mployees than the job expectation. The advantages in implementing the employee engagem ent practices is to gain the employee interest towards work, feeling of value to the organization and chances of improving personal and career development. Definitions: Employee engagement is an effective practice in the organization which produces a better organizational performance and employee career development. It is possible when there is a proper employee commitment, trust, loyalty and motivation to do work to the organization.According to the CIPD et al (2011) employee engagement is a combination of commitment to the organization and helping out in solving the issues of their colleagues, it is more than the job satisfaction and not only motivating employee to engage in work. Sue et al (2009) stated in USP Business Development review employee engagement is â€Å"the discretionary effort that individuals apply for fully utilizing their skills†. Employee engagement is most important for competitiveness in the contemporary business environment.As per The Gallop Organizati on, which studied employee engagement in 7,939 business units in 36 companies, found that employee engagement was positively associated with performance in a variety of areas, including increased customer satisfaction, profitability and productivity, and reduced employee turnover. CIPD et al (2011) identified there are three dimensions of the way of engaging in work by the employees The intellectual engagement shows the employee thinking hard about the job and finding the solutions for the betterment of the job.The affective engagement illustrates the employee feeling positively doing a good job. The social engagement is an opportunity to interact and discuss the work related improvements with the managers and other employees. Key Factors: Every employer expects to achieve extra mile in work and to help them from issues like lack of product quality from their workforce. The following are the important drivers of the employee engagement which may enhance or decrease the engagement in work. Employee factors: * Career development * Job satisfaction * Work/life balance Employer factors: Right people for the right job * Use of skills * Good working environment * Business cost Increasing Employee Engagement: Productivity in organizations cannot be measured in the term of employee satisfaction but can be explained in terms of employee engagement. Organizations that show interest on improving Employee Engagement generally focuses on 1. Organizational culture: Culture within the organization consists of values, HR practices, effectiveness of the strategy, leadership in the organization and effective communication. These issues may influence the employee engagement. . Continuous reinforcement of people focused policies: It exists when the senior management provides information about the resources and provide adequate budgets to accomplish their work & empowering them. This will help in the improving the career development of the employees. 3. Meaningful Metrics: These a re the factors that are essential for the organizational performance. As we discussed above the organizational performance is based upon the people and some of the metrics will naturally move the focus of the people to lead a beneficial change. . Organizational Performance: Depends on high level of trust, pride, satisfaction, and company success. Figure sourced from http://retention. naukrihub. com/images/performance-and-engagement. JPG Increasing the Employee engagement can be improved by periodically concentrating on some of the components: * Provide variety: The repetitive tasks can make a person burn out or so boredom. Every job has many of the repetitive tasks so the employee should look for ways to introduce a variety by rotating duties and responsibilities. Periodic meetings: Managers and the supervisors must be sharing the periodic challenges, achievements, employee feedback receiving and giving constructive feedback, effective communicating with the employee and providing t he employee with financial information. * Indulge in employee development and providing them an open environment. * Communicating openly and clearly with the employees expectations at every level. Ex: vision, priorities & etc. * Working with employees by knowing their interests, goals, stressors etc. show interest in their wellbeing so that they will have a very light and balanced in work and life. Finally celebrating the success in what they achieved in individual & organizational teams. High Performance Working: Belt and Giles et al (2009) stated that only one third of UK companies are following the high performance working practice. The measurements of the high performance working are difficult because of variation in the definitions that are used. Definitions of HPW: According to the Belt and Giles et al (2009) high performance working is a distinctive approach of the management in workplaces in order to enhance the organizational performance with the investment of the employee skills.High performance working has been defined by the many authors; according to the Belt and Giles et al (2009) it is a general approach to managing organizations that aims to stimulate more effective employee involvement and commitment in order to achieve high levels of performance. According to the Ashton and Sung et al (2005) a unique definition that is widely accepted is they are a set of complementary work practices covering three broad categories like high employee involvement practices, human resource practices and reward and commitment practices and these are referred as ‘bundles’ of practices.Martin et al (2010) defined high performance working represents a combination of people, technology, management and productivity which are integrated effectively to provide a competitive advantage on a sustainable basis. High Performance Working Practices: High performance working practices are identified by the many others and as follows Ashton and Sung et al (2005) di d research in association with CIPD recognized 35 HR practices which fell under the broad HR activities 1. High involvement 2. Human resource practices 3. Reward and commitmentAll the 35 HR practices are listed in four dimensions * Employee involvement and autonomy to decision making process( self managed teams, staff suggestions, etc) * Support for employee involvement and performance(appraisals, mentoring, etc) * Rewards for performance(profit sharing, sharing options, etc) * Sharing of information and knowledge(circulating information, a copy of business pan and targets to employees, etc) Snell and Bohlander et al (2007) identified four fundamental principles of HPW practices * Shared informationTraditionally the employers are not interested to provide strategies, plans, and objectives to the employees. This illustrates the prerequisite for employee involvement and empowerment within the organization. * Knowledge development The development must start from the fundamentals and th ey can have opportunity to how to interact with old knowledge or creating new knowledge in respect to the objectives of organizations, customer needs, and process. * Performance reward linkage Employer seeks to encourage the employee by offering rewards to the performance in the organization.There are various types of rewards like promotions, career development and training, praise and greater level of autonomy and delegation. * Egalitarianism It is an interesting concept where the employee must be one of the member of organization rather than being a employee. It is lack of status and recognition in organization everyone has different role to play but are equally important in achieving the success. Huselid et al (1995) recognized the following HPW practices * Focusing on employee merit in promotion decisions Enhanced selectivity in recruitment * Pre employment testing * Internal recruitment for non-entry level jobs * Formal information sharing * Formal job analysis * Provision of f ormal training * Attitude surveys * Quality circles and labor management participation teams * Company incentive plans/profit sharing scheme * Formal grievance procedures * Formal performance appraisals * Performance-related pay HPW practices must implement according to the type, needs and objectives of the organization.For instance McDonald is in food service sector the appraisal system must be done according to the performance of the employee like speed of the work, quality in work, and providing fast services to the customers. In their research Ashton and Sung et al (2005) found that some bundles of HPW practices is more effective in some sectors than the other. For an example if there is a requirement of more creativity in the work like marketing and HR services, HPW practices like sharing knowledge and ideas among the team will yield better results. HPW System:HPW practices like selective recruitment, intensive job training, team working, sharing information, egalitarianism, pe rformance related appraisals system and profit sharing. ————————————————- Employee engagement, commitment, security and motivation Higher employee and organization performance High commitment HRM Practices: This is the new way of approach which was eventually started in the United States and later followed all the developed countries like United Kingdom in which organization mainly focusing the quality of the product rather than the cost.The concept is that a particular bundle of the HR practices has the potential to provide higher levels of productivity. These practices are important in order to improve the employee engagement and high performance working in the organization. Components of High commitment HRM practices: Pfeffer et al (1998) identified seven best practices of high commitment HRM practices. 1. Employment security and internal labor markets: Pfeffer et al (1 998) stated that employment security is the fundamentally underpinning the other six components.Employment security is one of the key issues to the employee to perform better in work because once employees got the job security there is a chance of increasing the company performance. This doesn’t mean that if employee is repeatedly committing mistakes should be retained in the company. Every employer must seek that the employee to retain in the company for long term basis and to contribute to the betterment of the organization. The long continuity of the employee will cut off the costs like recruiting, training and work development programmes. If he organization need compulsory layoffs and to undermine the employment security alternatives like improve multitasking skills of the workers, reducing the labour costs by reducing the wages and over staffing. 2. Selective hiring and sophisticated selection: Now a day’s employers are more focused on to the sophisticated selecti on of the best candidates for job and take more care during recruiting. They are also expecting the good profile candidate who deserves the qualities like team working, social and interpersonal skills than the technical skills.Selective hiring implies the sampling of the candidates who posses good efficient skills in order to perform job. Pfeffer (1998) stated in selective hiring and sophisticated selection by sophisticated interviews and proper employment tests or psychometric tests like general ability tests, personality tests and specific skills test must be perform prior recruiting will aid the organization. These all above practices will help the HR team to provide organization a long term benefits and increase the continuity of the selection decisions. 3. Extensive training, learning and development:After recruiting the skilled applicant extensive training must be provided by the organization. They must be focused on the training for team working and specific skills for the wo rk. For an instance, MNC’s in knowledge processing outsourcing train their new staff with specific job related training on typing and MS office. Training and development must be restricted only for the new employees but also for the existing employees in order to improve the skills for their future. Outcomes depends on the how much the employer is investing funds for training, development and learning. 4.Employment involvement, information sharing and worker voice: Employment involvement and information sharing helps to achieve increase the problem solving groups and project teams and lowers the communication. Employee involvement is attained by the opening communication regarding the financial performance, strategy and operations in the organization will directly improve the trust and positive environment in the organization. For an instance to improve team working HR practices must implement such that employees can be to able to offer their suggestions for the betterment of the organization. 5. Self managed teams/ team working:Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that teamwork is typically seen as leading to better decision making and the achievement of more creative solutions. These practices are very difficult to implement in the practices but strengthen the management control. There may be the chances of the peer group pressures and boring low level jobs, these are the reasons why self managed teams is very difficult to intrude. 6. High performance contingent on performance: Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that there are two components in this practice; one is performance related pay and second is providing more compensation than normal.This type of practice attains the high quality of labor due to proving a need to pay for the performance. 7. Reduction of staff differences or harmonization: In retail organizations the lower level staffs are very important assets because they are the persons who have got direct contact with the customers. They must be treated a s the same as senior management and must encourage them to come up with some ideas with open management. This can be attained by the staff uniforms, shared canteens and parking. These types of practices will help the management in creating the positive and pen environment in company. 8. Work-life balance:This is a new concept which was focused by the many organizations in order to improve the work life balance. According to the Sunday times survey (2012), in recent years there is an increase in the females than the males in senior positions. There is a chance of burden on the females who cares the family and certainly need to fulfill their responsibilities in the work. Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that if the work-life imbalance in the employees there is a chance of lowering performance outcome. The Sunday Times published â€Å"Best Companies to Work for 2012† on 11 March 2012 edited by Dominic O'Connell, business editor.This is 12th annual publication of Britain's most dynami c and engaging workplaces. The leading 325 organizations are recognized in the four lists and they are the best organizations to work in Britain and voted by their workers. 1. 100 best small companies 2. 100 best companies 3. 25 best big companies 4. 100 best not for profit organizations Methodology of the survey: The â€Å"Sunday Times list of the 100 best companies to work for 2012† is derived from the views of employees and the policies and processes of employers. It identifies best practice and ranks organizations according by their results in eight key indicators of staff engagement.The survey contains 70 questions in measuring eight factors in workplace. These elements were used to determine the final company rankings. The eight key factors of employee engagement are the employee experience of their workplace in the following areas. 1. Leadership:  How employees feel about the head of the company and its senior managers 2. Wellbeing:  How staff feels about the stres s, pressure and the balance between their work and home duties. 3. Giving something back:  How much companies are thought by their staff to put back into society generally and the local community. . Personal growth:  To what extent staff feels they are stretched and challenged by their job 5. My manager:  How staff feels towards their immediate boss and day-to-day managers 6. My company:  Feelings about the company people work. 7. My team:  How staff feels about their colleagues. 8. Fair deal:  How happy the workforce is with their pay and benefits People completing the employee survey responded to each statement by indicating their level of agreement on a seven-point scale ranging from â€Å"strongly disagree† [1] to â€Å"strongly agree† [7].In all profiles, the score percentage on each question is mentioned. In this report to CEO, we have selected five best big companies from â€Å"The Sunday Times Survey† and identified the key factors for improv ing the organizational performance. The sampling of the companies is done on the sector in which they are serving. The table witnesses the percentage of employee voted for different issues of employee engagement practices in different companies. American Express UK Company: | Percentage of employees| They believe they can contribute to the company success| 79%| Love working with the organization| 72%|They feel they can make difference with in it| 75%| Bosses care for employees job satisfaction| 70%| Bosses talk openly with them| 79%| They believe they can contribute to company success| 79%| They feel that company leadership is inspirational| 71%| Managers share important information with them| 75%| Mc Donald’s Company: | Percentage of employees| Staff says they have confidence in skills of their managers| 76%| Everyone is treated fairly| 70%| They are loving it| 70%| Managers deals with the issues instead of avoiding| 64%| Confidence in managers| 77%|Training in the job is gr eat| 73%| Happy with pay and benefits they get| 65%| They are fairly paid| 60%| Iceland Company: | Percentage of employees| They love working for the company| 79%| Staff feel that boss runs the company on sound values| 67%| They are aware of what is expected from them| 85%| Managers help to fulfill their potentials| 78%| Happy with pay and benefits| 81%| Boss gives inspiration to them| 76%| Valuable success to company| 80%| Proud to work for the company| 81%| PwC Company: | Percentage of employees| Employee feel proud to work for company| 83%|They are excited about company uptrend in performance| 70%| Chairman as an inspiration leader| 77%| Staff say senior bosses are good listeners| 67%| Company is doing bit for the environment| 76%| Plenty opportunities to grow and learn| 72%| Managers are role models| 69%| Staff experience is valuable for future| 82%| Homebase Company: | Percentage of employees| Staff says that job is not interfering in home duties (Work-life balance)| 73%| They don’t feel they spent much time working| 69%| Stress levels low| 78%| They believe contribute to company success| 77%|They feel they can make difference with init| 76%| Employee are happy with pay and benefits| 50%| Employees have a great support to provide service| 71%| CONCLUSION J&W PLC is a work place where there is no team work among workers and worker are not loyal to their jobs, it has been noticed that employees of J&W Plc are doing less work then they should. In order to rectify this problem this organization must improve wide scale of HRM activities where motivation, task analyzing and work segregation should be considered.This paper has proved that HRM is really necessary part of an organization which wants to be at the top of their game, and always wants to have the upper hand in market. HRM always takes care of employees and their related areas which are interviewing, improving motivation, proper training and implementation of company’s policies. Not only concentrating on the recruitment and training, they need to focus on the career development of the employee, employee motivation, employee compensation and benefits and to provide good work-life balance.These implications in the HR management practices will yield good employee trust and commitment towards the organization which helps to build employee engagement. To be successful every organization should have high level of employee’s engagement. This only can be achieved by having a workflow where any employee can see opportunity to advance in career, higher job satisfaction and work-life balance. To gain higher employee engagement the employer must do surveys on the employees and questioners about the work force, this assists the organization to identify the black spots within the organization.After identifying the key issues in the work force, management needs to focus on the implementing of the practices to improve the employee engagement as mentioned already in the liter ature review. This procedure may assist the organization to improve the employee engagement and it also depends on the type of the organization and availability of funds. It is witnessed in â€Å"The Sunday Times Survey 2012†, the five companies which are selected from the 25 best big companies the practices which in turn yields higher employee engagement.The survey review shows the critical issues from the employee’s point of view and the issues in work force are mentioned in the tables. For such practices organization should have High Performance Work System through which employees can project on what they are doing and try to improve there working standards by using high commitment and high involvement working practices. For improving HPW in employees, organization should provide proper job training, improve team working, performance related appraisals system and pay, profit sharing to the employees.It creates the high involvement, security and provides high motivat ion to perform work and improves the organization performance. These practices are the chain based and the results from the practices are satisfactory. In order to implement these practices management must concentrate on the employee surveys and need to decide which HPW practices will help the organization to improve over all performance. In short the HPW practices difficult to implement and need every part of organization to work in a synchronization and coordinated manner to get maximum output. RECOMMENDATIONSAs per the discussion and reviewing all aspects of employee engagement and HPWP system there is always a need for an organization to have a personalized model of high performance work system for being more effective and profitable. So the recommended model for HPWP should have main five factors for implementing HPW working practice and employee engagement to withstand competition from competitors. In order to implement this model a full attention of employee is required, for that HRM need to evaluate all the employees and if necessary hire new persons and fire old employees whose performance is very low for long duration.Employee surveys must be done to identify the issues in their work force. After reviewing the survey management needs to highlight the key areas of improving employee engagement and high performance working in the organization. American Express UK and Homebase are two companies in the 25 best big companies for 2012; these two companies are not there in the â€Å"Sunday Times Survey 2011† but rose dramatically to the higher peak in overall performance by 2012, by implementing good HR practices which increases employee engagement and high performance working.The 70% employees of McDonald’s and 79% of employees in Iceland voted that they love the work. This illustrates the job satisfaction, happy with the compensations and benefits and motivation in work force. This is the reason why Iceland holds Rank 1in the Sunday Times Su rvey. So, this model will improve work force and make them engage at work. This model can work only when every department is in coordinated with each other and focusing on the company betterment. Recommendation Draft TemplatePriority| Action| Business Justification| Benefits| Specific Intervention| Time Frame| Who| Cost| Method of monitoring| Consequence of not doing| 1| Sophisticated employee recruiting| For hiring skilled work force| To improve the quality of work| By Psychometric tests, aptitude tests and personality tests. | Short term| Human Resource management and senior management team. | Less cost. Efficient knowledge &relevant experience required. | Skills of the employees must be carefully monitored| Chance of hiring unskilled worker for the job. 2| Extensive training and development| Improving employee engagement in the work force| To improve the employee in specific skill development| Good resources are required | Long term | Senior management and skilled executives| Inv estment required| Constant and consistent supervision required| Company cannot withstand with competition| 3| Team working | To provide high performance working in company| To improve good communication between staff and to achieve creative solutions| Selecting the team members| Long term| Team leaders | Less cost| By team performance results| The development of the company will be staged | 4| Work life balance| To improve employee commitment | To improve the employee involvement in work| Recognizing the stress levels by questioners| Long term| Managers| Cost efficient| Supervised by the feeling of willingness to work| Chance of lowering the company performance| 5 | Performancerelated pay| To improve trust and commitment| To improve the high performance working| Performance pay must be given by reaching particular targets| Short term| HR and Account department| Sufficient funds required| Pay records must be documented| Lowers the quality of labor| REFERENCES 1. Martin, J (2010). Key concepts in human resource management. Sage publications. 2. CIPD (2011). Employee engagement, facesheet. Available at www. cipd. co. uk 3. CIPD (2011). Employee engagement for sustainable organizational performance, practical tools, available at www. cipd. co. UK/hrresources/practical tools. 4. McCauley, S (2009). Employee engagement for outstanding performance, USP business development Ltd, available at http://www. uspbd. com/Employee_Engagement_Business_Performance. aspx. 5. McCauley, S (2009). 1 leading causes of disengagement, USP business development Ltd, available at http://www. uspbd. com/Employee_Engagement_Business_Performance. aspx. 6. Belt, V and Giles, L (2009). High performance working: A synthesis of key literature, UK Commission for Employment Skills, available at www. ukces. org. uk. 7. Ashton, D and Sung, J (2005). High performance work practices: linking strategy and skills to perform outcomes. 8. CIPD (2008). â€Å"High performance working†, facesheet. Av ailable at WWW. CIPD. co. uk (last accessed september2008). 9. Snell, S and Bohlander, G (2007). Human resource management-International student edition. Manson, OH; Thomson south Western. 10. Huselid, M. A (1995). The impact of human resource management on turnover, productivity and corporate financial performance†, Academy of management Journal, 38: pages 635-672. 11. Pfeffer, J (1998). The Human Equation: building profits by putting people first, Harvard business school press, Boston, MA, US. 12. Connell, D (2012). â€Å"The Sunday Times 100 best companies†, available at http://features. thesundaytimes. co. uk/public/best100companies/live/template. BIBILOGRAPHY 1. Holmes, T A (2010) â€Å"ten characteristics in a high performance work team†. Publication. Available at www. doctorholmes. net. Last modified January 10 2010. 2. Tamkin, P (2004). â€Å"High performance work practices†, Institute of employment studies, www. Employment-studies. co. uk. 3. Empl oyee Engagement, copyright 2007, WWW. retention. aukrihub. com. 4. Green, F (2006). Demanding Work: The Paradox of Job Quality in the Affluent Economy, Princeton, NJ; Oxford: Princeton University Press. 5. Konrad, A (2006). Employee engagement and firm performance. Available: http://www. iveybusinessjournal. com/topics/the-workplace/engaging-employees-through-high-involvement-work-practices. Last accessed 11th march 2012. 6. Macleod, D and Clarke, N (2010). Engaging for success. Available: http://www. bis. gov. uk/files/file52215. pdf. Last accessed 11th march 2012. 7. RAGS, B (2006). Corporation organizations. Available: http://www. bookrags. com/research/corporate-organizations-eos-01/. Last